What is dual-use cargo and how does it affect a freight forwarder?

Dual-use cargo is goods, software or technology that have both civilian and military applications and that fall under export-control regimes (EU Regulation (EU) 2021/821, US Export Administration Regulations (EAR) with the Commerce Control List, UK Export Control Order 2008, Australian Defence and Strategic Goods List). Forwarders are expected to screen against the Denied Persons List, Entity List, MEU List, Specially Designated Nationals, and the EU Dual-Use Annex IV controls, and to refuse shipments without proper licensing.