What is MiCA and how does it interact with AML?
The EU Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2023/1114) is a market-conduct and prudential regime for crypto-asset service providers, in force from 30 December 2024. It is not an AML regime — that role is filled by the AMLR, AMLD6, and the TFR ((EU) 2023/1113). However, MiCA authorisation requires demonstrable AML controls, and the two regimes are administered in parallel.