What is the AML regime in the European Union?
The EU regime moved from a Directive-based to a Regulation-based architecture under the 2024 AML Package. Key instruments:
- AMLR (Regulation (EU) 2024/1624) — directly applicable single rulebook, replacing most of the prior Directive-based rules.
- AMLD6 (Directive (EU) 2024/1640) — supervisory and FIU coordination provisions for member-state implementation.
- AMLAR (Regulation (EU) 2024/1620) — establishes the Anti-Money Laundering Authority (AMLA) in Frankfurt with direct supervisory powers over selected high-risk obliged entities from 2028.
Most substantive AMLR obligations apply from 10 July 2027. Until then the AMLD4/5/6 directive framework remains in force as transposed by member states.